Long before green chemists took the stage, industry set out to create safer plasticizers for consumer goods. Diisobutyl adipate grew from this push during the mid-20th century when manufacturers hoped to move past the risks of some early phthalate additives. The chemical world kept looking for something flexible and resilient without leaching toxic byproducts. Research teams looked at the adipate family and zeroed in on diisobutyl adipate. Since then, its use spread through polymers, personal care, and specialty coatings, thanks in part to a steady demand for plastic softness and skin-friendly textures. Early industry patents detailed processes for improved purity, and tweaks that cut down odd side products, which mattered for both usability and cost. These developments set the tone for the next wave of commercial plastic additives and personal care ingredients.
DIBA serves as more than just a chemical name; people recognize the feel it brings to flexible plastics and the silkiness in lotions and sunscreens. At its heart, it’s a clear, nearly odorless liquid crafted for those seeking a non-oily, light touch. Makers who work with flexible PVC or nitrocellulose lacquers keep DIBA close, because it acts as a pliantizer — giving finishes and molded goods a comforting bend. In cosmetics departments, formulators like how it glides onto the skin, carrying active ingredients without leaving greasy streaks behind. As regulations forced a closer look at safer chemicals, DIBA’s relatively low hazard profile kept it in the good books, drawing even more interest from food packaging and medical supplies makers.
Diisobutyl adipate stands out due to its consistency and mild scent, making it easy to blend across a wide range of mixtures. Structurally, it sticks to C14H26O4, with a molar mass of about 258 g/mol. It pours easily at room temperature and holds steady even when the thermometer spikes, with a boiling point near 340°C and low freezing risk. The liquid resists water, yet dissolves well in alcohol and ether, opening doors to good compatibility with polymers and oils. Its refractive index around 1.444 and low vapor pressure help it mix into films without changing clarity or risking rapid evaporation. While not totally immune to hydrolysis, it stays put in neutral or slightly acidic environments, keeping performance steady in real-world use.
Factories label DIBA according to industry benchmarks on purity and safety. Most manufacturers sell it with at least 98% purity, and the better lots bring water content below 0.1%. Any departure from expected acid and ester values gets flagged, catching contamination early. Batches carry lot numbers for traceability, plus hazard symbols as per REACH and GHS conventions. MSDS sheets accompany shipments, detailing both chemical makeup and safety steps. Shipping labels tick off regulatory boxes for flammable liquids, even though DIBA’s flash point sits high. Across continents, labeling honors local packaging rules, including a full breakdown of main constituents and any hint of potential impurities, ensuring compliance from export docks to factory floors.
Production for DIBA doesn’t win prizes for novelty, but it stays reliable and efficient. The core process links adipic acid with isobutanol under acid catalysis, often using sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid to drive esterification. After mixing at controlled heat, distillation purifies the product, pulling out extra isobutanol and water so the desired ester comes through clear. Vacuum stripping trims away unwanted residuals. Over time, manufacturers streamlined their reflux systems, aiming to raise recovery rates, cut waste, and handle emissions responsibly. Finer tweaks, like switching to solid acid catalysts, have started to catch on for greener, closed-loop operation, but the classic approach still cuts the bulk of commercial supply.
DIBA holds onto its shelf-life thanks to its resistance to most redox or alkali-based breakdown. Exposure to harsh alkali can hydrolyze it, releasing isobutanol and laying bare adipic acid, but standard storage sidesteps that risk. Chemists interested in branching out use DIBA as a substrate for controlled oxidation or selective transesterification, which can generate ingredients for custom surfactants or new plastic blends. In specialty labs, it acts as a scaffold for further reactions, such as grafting functional groups that tune flexibility or hydrophobic behavior. Companies looking for signals before breakdown will sometimes stress the molecule with UV or heat, seeking insights into polymer aging or additive migration patterns in their products.
Shopping across global markets, this chemical might answer to a handful of titles. Diisobutyl hexanedioate, bis(2-methylpropyl) adipate, and hexanedioic acid diisobutyl ester each pick up on the same backbone. Standalone DIBA crops up in industry shorthand. Specialized suppliers sometimes list proprietary trade names, checking boxes for unique blends or locally certified stocks, but regulators trace all variants back to standard international identifiers: CAS number 141-04-8 and EC number 205-447-7. These tags cut through confusion when customs gates or lab benches bring together buyers, shippers, and compliance officers.
Anyone storing or moving DIBA treats it with the respect due to high-boiling organics. Good ventilation serves as the baseline, despite the low vapor pressure, since spills can still irritate sensitive skin and eyes. I once watched a shipment go awry due to poor drum seals, laughing off warnings until they scrubbed oily residue off concrete for hours. Industry calls for gloves, goggles, and splash guards with any open handling. Emergency measures aim for quick containment with non-reactive absorbents; no water jets for fire, since DIBA floats and spreads flames. Major health agencies note that while acute toxicity sits low, safe air handling and prompt cleanup cut down residual risk. Disposal needs heat or incineration in licensed facilities, staying clear of open burns or land drains. Factories keep compliance logs, so gaps show up before audits turn into fines.
DIBA works itself into all sorts of practical fields. Plasticizers make up its oldest haunt, especially with flexible PVC wires, shoe soles, and garden hoses, chasing bend without cracking through summer heat or winter chills. Over time, tech pushers found it mixed well with nitrocellulose and acrylate coatings, going into car interiors and spray-paint lacquers. In the beauty world, DIBA brings smooth glide to sunscreens, moisturizers, and deodorants — formulators like its low tack and quick absorption. In the past, FDA’s food packaging rules sometimes welcomed DIBA, though most modern buyers screen it closely before touching food contact items. Ink makers and artists’ supply brands source DIBA for slow-drying, easy-to-manage oil-based products. The chemical’s reach even creeps into anti-fog agents for optical gear, as well as specialized lubricants for precision tooling.
Advances in DIBA research track shifting targets: greener synthesis, higher purity, and safer additives for sensitive consumers. University labs and pilot plants spend time testing biocatalysts in place of strong acids, lowering environmental hit from wastewaters. Some groups play with renewable feedstocks, transforming plant-based adipic acid or isobutanol into real samples, hoping to cut fossil dependency from the first step. Polymer scientists look for ways to keep DIBA from migrating or bleeding out of finished plastics, studying changes to backbone rigidity or grafting anchor side chains. Analytical chemists dig into decomposition profiles and contamination markers, to help quality labs react earlier. I’ve seen small labs team up with consumer brands, surfacing news ways to tie safety, performance, and supply chain transparency together in new DIBA formulations.
Extensive animal studies and cell cultures find low toxicity across acute exposure, though regulatory eyes never stray too far from emerging evidence. Unlike some older plasticizers, DIBA rarely triggers alarm bells for endocrine disruption or long-term reproductive harm. That comfort comes with a dose of caution: lab rodents gavaged with massive doses did show nonspecific signs like liver swelling or mild inflammation, though these effects never cropped up in real-world exposures. Studies in the past decade poured over DIBA’s potential for skin absorption, and findings suggest it moves slowly through epidermis layers, backing up choices by cosmetics makers. Environmental research looks at slow hydrolysis into intermediates that break down into low-toxicity carboxylates, with minimal risk flagged for aquatic systems under responsible waste protocols. Ongoing biomonitoring keeps tabs on workers in high-exposure settings, alert for changes in blood markers or organ function.
Chemicals never sit still, and DIBA looks set to ride the wave of safer plasticizers long into the future. Demand trends show no sign of let-up, especially as brands switch to transparent safety records in their PVC and beauty products. Greener manufacturing methods — whether biocatalysis, closed-loop water recycling, or plant-based feedstocks — could slash DIBA’s environmental footprint. That’s already begun to appeal to conscious buyers, especially in medical packaging and high-profile consumer goods. Some materials scientists are sketching out new DIBA-based copolymers to resist leaching, using smart chemistry and crosslinking strategies. In my conversations with sustainability teams, they’re scouting for new research that clarifies low-dose effects and answers public fears before regulators catch up. The stage looks set for DIBA to keep bridging performance, safety, and cost — provided science and industry keep holding chemicals to account.
Diisobutyl Adipate, often abbreviated as DIBA, holds a quiet but important role in the world of consumer goods. Those who look closely at ingredient lists in skincare or personal care items might spot it. In lotion, sunscreen, and makeup, DIBA helps products glide smoothly over the skin. It works as a plasticizer too, keeping plastics flexible. I came across its name first while researching ingredients for a sensitive-skin moisturizer, and digging deeper into its uses opened my eyes to its broad impact.
People expect lotions, creams, and sunscreens to feel comfortable, absorb neatly, and resist leaving sticky residues. DIBA helps deliver that experience. By softening formulas, this chemical offers a better sensory feel—products don’t tug at the skin or feel greasy. DIBA acts as a solvent, helping active ingredients blend and stay stable. In makeup, especially long-wear foundations or eyeshadows, DIBA creates the right texture for an even application. From my own testing with DIY skincare recipes at home, adding a softening agent like DIBA changes the final product’s feel completely.
Manufacturers look for ways to make plastic films and coatings bend without cracking. DIBA enters the scene here too. It’s used to make materials like PVC softer—think of cables, pipes, or even synthetic leather. Reducing brittleness matters for everything from phone cases to medical tubing. People rarely think of chemical softeners, but they are why everyday plastics last as long as they do or resist damage from bending. Without this kind of help, many plastic goods would be far less practical.
Formulators turn to DIBA in sunscreens because it spreads UV filters finely across the skin, cutting down on white cast and improving absorption. The product applies quickly and feels light rather than tacky. I noticed right away how much nicer mineral sunscreen felt with a good emollient—it makes a big difference for those with sensitive skin, especially children.
Certain drug delivery systems use this ingredient to produce a soft tablet coating. The pharmaceutical industry designs pills and capsules to dissolve at the right speed, and DIBA offers flexibility, allowing coatings to survive transport yet dissolve reliably for absorption. Factories also use it as a lubricant in making pills, keeping processes efficient and products consistent.
Research points out that DIBA generally ranks as a low-toxicity compound under typical use. Regulatory agencies in the US and EU limit concentrations, especially in children’s products. These safety measures reflect careful review of the evidence, not only for users but also for workers in manufacturing settings. Still, as communities get more eco-conscious, interest grows in developing greener substitutes. More studies track what happens after DIBA enters waterways or soil, aiming to minimize contamination and preserve ecosystems.
From what I have seen, the challenge revolves around creating new materials that soften plastics or improve cosmetics without side effects or negative impact farther down the line. Some plant-based softeners have started replacing petrochemical ones, yet performance and supply still create hurdles. The search for safer plasticizers and emollients pushes both scientists and industries to innovate, so every generation of consumer product edges closer to safety for people and the planet.
Diisobutyl adipate, or DIBA, turns up in more skin products than most folks realize. You might find it in sunscreens, lotions, and even some makeup. Manufacturers use it because it creates a smooth, lightweight feel. DIBA works as an emollient and a solvent, which means it helps ingredients blend better while leaving the skin feeling soft rather than greasy.
My own experience with cosmetic ingredients has taught me to dig into research before trusting a label. The science behind DIBA seems reassuring. Studies so far show little evidence of irritation or allergic reactions in the vast majority of people. One paper published in 2017 in the International Journal of Toxicology reviewed safety data and found DIBA showed low skin sensitivity, even in people with fair or more sensitive skin.
Dermatologists look out for signs of skin sensitization, which means a red, itchy reaction that doesn’t quit. With DIBA, these reactions rarely turn up in controlled studies or real-world use. The U.S. Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel and the European Commission’s scientific committees have both cleared DIBA for use in rinse-off and leave-on products, even at high concentrations.
Even a safe-seeming chemical warrants attention if you plan to use it every day. Some people worry about buildup or long-term impacts, especially since other plasticizers with a similar structure have caused concern in the past. DIBA does not behave like some phthalates that regulators have banned or restricted; it doesn’t disrupt hormones in ways those older additives did. In my conversations with chemists and skincare formulators, none have seen cases of DIBA causing persistent harm, even after years of use.
That said, one-off experiences still happen. Anyone can have a unique reaction to just about anything. Patch testing with new products makes sense if you have sensitive skin or a history of allergies. After years of trying out samples and new releases, I always take the safe path with a test patch on my inner arm. So far, products containing DIBA have never given me a problem.
Regulatory agencies look closely at the kinds of effects that matter most—irritation, allergy, and long-term toxicity. Here, DIBA stands out for staying below thresholds of concern. In the United States, products containing DIBA must still follow labeling laws and list it in the ingredients. Europe tends to be even stricter and hasn’t flagged DIBA for special restriction.
Still, the story of cosmetic safety keeps evolving. As our knowledge about long-term, low-level exposure grows, researchers keep testing ingredients like DIBA to look for overlooked risks. Right now, the evidence keeps coming back clean.
Most people using DIBA-containing products won’t run into trouble, and the research supports its safety. For people with very sensitive skin or who avoid any synthetic ingredients, natural alternatives like plant oils may feel more comfortable. Anyone with a diagnosis of medical skin conditions should talk with a dermatologist before switching up their products.
For those of us using mainstream lotions and sunscreens, DIBA keeps showing up as a safe pick. Trust grows stronger with continued, transparent research and honest communication from companies using ingredients like DIBA. If any new risks do emerge, the best science and tougher regulations will help keep us covered.
Diisobutyl Adipate doesn’t flash on most people's radar. Maybe it should. This substance comes as a clear, oily liquid. People in labs notice right away: it pours smoothly, without that greasy drag left by heavier oils. Pour some on your fingers, you’ll sense a light, silky slip, gone in seconds. That “dry” touch makes it stand out as an ingredient in lotions and creams. Makers want products that glide across the skin and leave barely a trace—this chemical does just that.
What’s more, it doesn’t stink up the room. The stuff barely smells, which matters for anyone mixing fragrances or designing personal care formulas. If you’ve ever wrinkled your nose at a bad-smelling skin cream, you know why chemists chase after clean-scented ingredients.
Diisobutyl Adipate falls under the group of esters, built by pairing adipic acid with isobutanol. The chemical structure, with its flexible six-carbon backbone, lets it weave itself between other molecules. It makes it easier for products to spread or for solids to stay soft and bendable.
Water won’t mix with it. That water-repelling edge means it sits well in oil-heavy blends. In my lab days, I worked with esters like this to get the right blend of softness and strength for leather finishes. Too much would weaken the material. Just a touch keeps it smooth while holding up against rough use.
Heat doesn’t faze it much, either. It stands up in hot environments without falling apart, which spells reliability when heating’s part of manufacturing. From what I’ve seen, that’s important for makers of flexible plastics and sealants, especially for outdoor uses. Its boiling point hovers over 300°C, so few standard processing steps push it to break down.
No small ingredient stays in the shadows these days, and folks want cleaner, safer materials. The data puts diisobutyl adipate in the “low-toxicity” crowd. Workers in plastics or cosmetics factories aren’t likely to get hit with serious health effects at regular exposure levels. Still, wearing gloves and following safety sheets keeps the risks low. I’ve always said, respect the MSDS—no shortcuts in safety.
This chemical doesn’t build up much in living creatures. If some gets out and into soil or water, it doesn’t stick around for decades like old-school plasticizers. Proper disposal and tight controls matter all the same. The floating worry seems to be about what happens when bigger volumes hit the environment—something regulators keep their eyes on.
Market demand doesn’t just come from beauty and plastic. Companies turn to diisobutyl adipate for inks that won’t dry up too fast, and car part manufacturers use it for making parts that bend instead of snapping. Anyone who’s tried to wedge a brittle car mat knows why a bit of softness counts.
People want better, safer, and greener. Manufacturers should keep testing for long-term effects. Scientists can look for recipes that do the same job with even less hazard. In the meantime, diisobutyl adipate finds its place by giving texture, flexibility, and reliability where cheap oils or hard plastics come up short.
Diisobutyl adipate, often showing up as a clear, slightly oily liquid, works hard behind the scenes in everything from cosmetics to plastics. Over the years, I’ve seen what happens when chemicals like this don’t get treated with the respect they deserve. Poor storage invites risk—not just for products and profits, but for the people managing them.
Take the basics—this chemical carries a flash point hovering around 160°C (320°F), which sounds safe until a stray heat source turns potential into a real problem. I’ve watched workplace accidents unfold, sometimes because someone stashed barrels too close to a heating vent or skipped labeling altogether. It’s not about large-scale disasters every day; more often, it’s the slow buildup of careless choices.
Walking through any well-run facility, the pattern is clear. Drums and containers stand in dry, cool spots out of direct sunlight. Some plants in the south even go as far as building insulated sheds, just to guarantee that summertime heat waves won’t alter the product inside. I’ve worked in places where temperature logs hang on the door. These aren’t just for show or compliance—they’re a reminder that checking up matters.
Ventilation stands out as a basic step. DIBA doesn’t put off strong odors, yet vapors can still mess with air quality if they escape. My own nose once told me when fans stopped working in a storage room—file that lesson under “sensory safety checks.” Industry data backs this up: Facilities with reliable ventilation see far fewer complaints and sick days.
No one likes surprises, especially not when handling chemicals. Clear labeling—it’s so easy, but I’ve seen its absence cause confusion more than once. Labels fade, peel, or get covered up by dust and oil. Every year, inspectors in the US flag hundreds of violations just for mislabeled drums. Updating those labels and keeping them visible adds almost no time but saves real headaches.
For storage, steel or high-density polyethylene containers outlast and out-protect most alternatives. I remember a warehouse that saved a few bucks by swapping in cheap plastic bins; leaks and contamination followed, not to mention a near-miss involving incompatible substances. Corrosion, sometimes slow and sneaky, puts both products and operators at risk.
Trained teams make a world of difference during emergencies. Some years back, a valve failed on a drum, sending a slick gleam of DIBA across the floor. Quick action—sorbent materials, clear evacuation routes—kept things from escalating. OSHA records show that facilities practicing regular spill drills face lower incident rates than those that leave it to “common sense.”
The best storage setup doesn’t stop with hardware and thermometers. Ongoing training—refreshers, not just the onboarding video—keeps teams sharp and safety-minded. Investment in good storage racks, spill kits, and ventilation systems pays off in uptime and peace of mind. Regular audits and an open-door approach to reporting near-misses keep small mistakes from turning into tomorrow’s big headlines.
Chemicals like Diisobutyl adipate touch all kinds of industries, and good handling grows out of practical habits, not just thick binders of rules. A measured, watchful approach—treating each step as important—protects workers, end users, and bottom lines.
Diisobutyl adipate shows up in more products than many expect. It’s common in things like cosmetics, flexible plastics, paints, and even some inks. Producers like it for its softening properties and ability to make things easier to apply or less brittle. It’s tempting to assume that an ingredient found in familiar products is safe for the environment, but a look beneath the surface tells a fuller story.
People throw around the word “biodegradable” without always knowing what it takes. Something truly biodegradable breaks down quickly under natural conditions, returning to the earth without leaving toxic leftovers. Environmental researchers have turned their focus on chemicals like diisobutyl adipate because they pop up in water streams and soils as we use and discard consumer goods. I remember following news about microplastics, thinking about all those little particles sneaking into rivers; liquid additives behave in similar ways if ignored too long.
Diisobutyl adipate belongs to a family of chemicals called esters, which sometimes break down more easily than other plasticizers. Lab studies and fieldwork show that diisobutyl adipate does start to degrade when exposed to microbes, moisture, and sunlight. Over time, bacteria and fungi munch away at this molecule, and it eventually splits into smaller, naturally occurring components—adipic acid and alcohols. European agencies rank it as “readily biodegradable.” They base this on tests where more than 60 percent of the chemical disappeared within a few weeks under lab conditions that mimic real-world environments.
Just because something ranks as biodegradable doesn’t mean every scenario looks the same. In colder climates, in landfills, or in areas without good soil chemistry, the process drags on much longer. Landfill liners keep out moisture and oxygen—two things microbes need—so biodegradation can crawl at a snail’s pace. I’ve spent enough time hiking near dump sites to see plastic additives sticking around much longer than labels promised. Also, “biodegradable” doesn’t always remove concerns about what happens during breakdown. Some chemicals break down into fragments more harmful than the original product, a process scientists call “persistence of metabolites.”
Regulators and researchers care not just about whether a product breaks down, but how much harm it could cause before, during, and after degradation. Diisobutyl adipate scores fairly well on acute aquatic toxicity tests. It takes high concentrations to harm most freshwater fish and algae, so direct poisoning seems unlikely from typical use. Still, its widespread use and ability to seep into waterways bring up big questions. Wastewater plants don’t always catch or fully remove every chemical, so small but steady releases keep adding up.
Shoppers want greener options, and brands pay attention to those demands. Transparency about ingredients and environmental testing matters. Companies can look for bio-based alternatives made from plant oils, which might cut out the fossil-fuel link altogether. Regulators can steer manufacturers toward safer additives by tightening standards for environmental safety. Simple steps like improving waste management, using products with lower chemical loads, and supporting science literacy help keep dangerous build-up in check.
Sensitive ecosystems deserve protection from synthetic chemicals. By staying alert and supporting better product choices, each of us plays a role in shaping a healthier future.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Diisobutyl hexanedioate |
| Other names |
Adipic acid diisobutyl ester
Diisobutyl hexanedioate Hexanedioic acid, diisobutyl ester |
| Pronunciation | /ˌdaɪˌaɪsəˈbjuːtɪl ˈædɪpeɪt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 141-04-8 |
| Beilstein Reference | 896126 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:88377 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL3184852 |
| ChemSpider | 151449 |
| DrugBank | DB11287 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03b25342-b9d0-4eb2-a725-224851ef9b26 |
| EC Number | 203-090-1 |
| Gmelin Reference | 8885 |
| KEGG | C19699 |
| MeSH | D02.455.326.271.410.190 |
| PubChem CID | 8217 |
| RTECS number | AF7350000 |
| UNII | N2F4V00DZO |
| UN number | UN3082 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID3058703 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C14H26O4 |
| Molar mass | *258.38 g/mol* |
| Appearance | Colorless transparent liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 0.95 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| log P | 3.9 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.01 mmHg (20 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 7.98 |
| Basicity (pKb) | pKb: 3.99 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -7.46e-6 cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.4260 - 1.4300 |
| Viscosity | 13.3 mPa·s |
| Dipole moment | 2.73 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 668.49 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -722.6 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -8348.6 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | D27AX |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS09 |
| Pictograms | GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction. |
| Precautionary statements | P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | NFPA 704: 1-1-0 |
| Flash point | Over 110°C (230°F) |
| Autoignition temperature | 410°C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 oral, rat: >5000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | > 9100 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| NIOSH | NA9975000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 5 mg/m3 |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Diisobutyl sebacate (DIBS)
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) Dibutyl adipate (DBA) Diisononyl adipate (DINA) Diethyl adipate (DEA) |