Dihexyl adipate has grown along with the expanding field of specialty chemicals. Early research on adipic acid derivatives in the twentieth century opened opportunities for flexible and resilient plasticizers. Industrial chemists looked for alternatives to phthalates, responding to both performance and toxicity questions. Over the past decades, DHA started gaining ground in applications demanding low-volatility, softness, and compatibility—areas where certain phthalates fell short. Chemical databases and patent archives illustrate a spike in attention during the decades after World War II, as the plastics and coatings industries boomed. My own education traced some of these leaps: textbooks highlighted the push for more environmentally conscious plasticizers as public health data raised red flags around common formulations. Today, DHA represents an example of persistent chemical innovation shaped by changes in regulation, consumer health awareness, and the need for tailored materials.
DHA comes across as a clear, oily liquid, odourless to the average user. Made by blending the esterification products of adipic acid and hexyl alcohols, it targets applications needing improved flexibility without the downsides of heavier plasticizers. Factories prefer DHA because, in many resin and polymer blends, it boosts workability and softness without majorly affecting processing temperatures. In the world of coatings, adhesives, and flexible plastics, manufacturers count on DHA to deliver specific results—softeners for cables, food-contact wrap, medical tubing, and more.
DHA’s chemical backbone defines its job in industry. The molecule carries the formula C18H34O4, sitting as a diester of hexyl alcohol on each side of adipic acid. Boiling over 200°C and pouring easily at room temperature, it defies brittleness even in the cold. Labs often record a refractive index of about 1.43–1.45, low water solubility, and moderate viscosity—traits that mean it won’t leach quickly or cloud up blends. Specific gravity stays near 0.95, making it easy to mix by weight. In real applications, these details matter; even tiny changes in volatility or viscosity shift final product feel, safety, and handling.
Each supplier documents DHA under a unique designation, with standards set by organizations like ASTM or ISO. Bottles carry details such as ester content, acid value (to flag unreacted adipic acid), color index, and impurity profile. For high-purity medical or food-contact uses, purity reporting hits parts-per-million, tracking possible migration into other substances. Clients inspect labels for anything that could affect mixing or shelf life. Regulatory compliance information—such as REACH, FDA, and EC status—also occupies prime billing. From my time reading certificates of analysis on the shop floor, the importance of clarity and honesty in labeling jumps out: misunderstandings cost time, risk product recalls, and damage trust.
Manufacturers synthesize dihexyl adipate through direct esterification. Under heat and acid catalysis (often sulfuric acid), adipic acid reacts with hexanol. Process engineers control temperature, pressure, and distill off water to drive the reaction forward. Purification follows, stripping leftover alcohol and acid, and removing color components through vacuum distillation or activated carbon. Operators perform batch or continuous production depending on volume demands. Scaleup brings several challenges—maintaining catalyst quality, controlling side-reactions, and keeping downstream purification cost-effective. Firsthand accounts emphasize the need for rigid process discipline, as small shifts affect final quality and yield.
DHA serves as a substrate for further reactions. It can act as a reactant to form block copolymers or cross-linked elastomers, thanks to those central ester linkages. Researchers in polymer labs have explored partial transesterification to blend properties of multiple alcohol groups. Amid intense efforts to design “green” plasticizers, chemists have developed bio-based hexanol feedstocks, aiming for the same molecular structure but lower environmental footprint. I’ve watched ongoing collaborations between academic and industrial researchers who continually tweak the process: changes in feedstock, catalysts, and purification strategy help update legacy chemistry for modern life.
Dihexyl adipate answers to many names in chemical catalogs and procurement portals. Common synonyms include hexyl adipate, 1,6-hexanediol dihexyl ester, and adipic acid di-n-hexyl ester. Product names depend on the supplier—some label products according to grade or proprietary blends, especially when targeting specific markets such as food packaging or wire coatings. Recognizing these aliases avoids double-buying and helps safety officers trace any hazardous precursors or related substances back to their source.
Safe handling of DHA calls for good practice: keep it away from heat sources, strong oxidizers, and acids. The SDS warns against ingestion and prolonged skin contact, although acute toxicity remains relatively low compared to related plasticizers. Glove and goggle use marks the minimum standard in both small labs and large blending plants. Inhalation risk is mainly from mist during industrial blending, so engineering controls and adequate ventilation matter. Waste streams that carry DHA follow local environmental rules, avoiding direct drains. The history of chemical regulation shows that standards adapt as new research emerges, stressing the need for continuing investment in worker education and up-to-date equipment.
Manufacturing relies on DHA in bulk for PVC cable insulation, flexible film, food wrap, and medical tubing. Its softness and resistance to fogging have made it a staple in plastic film and sheet production. Some ink and coating producers use DHA to keep viscosity control without hazardous phthalates. In personal care, DHA appears in select lotions and creams for its slip and workability. Medical researchers see potential in tubing that won’t leach hazardous plasticizer residues—a key point for dialysis, blood collection, and vulnerable populations. Investment in better migration and aging data helps push for expanded use in sensitive consumer goods.
The wave of research around DHA centers on safety, function, and greener process chemistry. Studies continue to look at migration in plastic food wrap and consumer goods, both to reassure regulators and to spur tweaks that minimize transfer. Technologies around bio-based adipic acid or hexanol seek to shrink the carbon footprint of the product, with pilot plants already demonstrating small-scale success. Advanced analytics, like high-performance liquid chromatography, refine purity and contaminant checks, raising confidence in end-use applications. Design teams brainstorm new copolymers and blends to match or beat old phthalates for flexibility, clarity, and longevity.
Most toxicity screens point toward a low acute risk for DHA. Animal studies show high oral LD50 values and limited skin irritation at normal exposures. Chronic studies remain limited, which leaves some regulatory questions open. Scientists test for migration into food, blood, or saline, using advanced analytical techniques to measure ever-smaller traces. Regulatory bodies like the EFSA and FDA set strict migration limits, driving further study. Real-world epidemiology hasn’t linked DHA to major health crises, but industry still funds ongoing work on metabolic breakdown and long-term effects. Broad transparency, which matters more than ever in our information-heavy age, helps protect public confidence and drives steady improvement in data quality.
Global calls for safer, more sustainable plasticizers shape the future of DHA. Bio-based processes edge toward viable commercial scale, promising lower emissions and fossil fuel use. Next-generation blends based on DHA aim to further lower migration in sensitive applications, all while delivering the flexibility and workability customers demand. Regulatory shifts—whether in Europe, North America, or Asia—keep suppliers on their toes, spurring R&D on both process and analytical fronts. Companies that recognize the value of robust supply chains, reliable labeling, and transparent safety data will benefit most as the stakes for chemical safety and performance keep rising. Having watched the sector grow, it’s clear that innovation, solid science, and honest communication will keep DHA relevant in tomorrow’s material mix.
From plastic containers to soft vinyl toys, Dihexyl Adipate (DHA) has a hand in making daily products flexible and more user-friendly. It shows up in items most people handle without a second thought. For someone who cares about long-term health and the safety of everyday items, knowing what goes into their products matters. DHA belongs to a group known as plasticizers, which give plastic materials their bend and stretch. Without plasticizers, plastics would turn brittle, break easily, and lose their appeal or practicality.
Manufacturers add DHA to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to solve a basic problem—rigid PVC doesn’t serve well for applications like electrical cable insulation or medical tubing, where flexibility spells the difference between risk and reliability. At home, I notice this in simple things, like a garden hose that coils rather than cracks on a chilly morning.
The world doesn’t stop at hoses or toys. Protective films, synthetic leathers, and certain food packaging materials include DHA. It helps maintain softness and pliability over time. From a consumer viewpoint, durability without harmful leaching is a non-negotiable quality. Regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) have set strict guidelines for substances like DHA to address these concerns. DHA generally meets safety thresholds when used in food contact materials, though oversight continues as new research comes forward.
In the coatings and adhesives space, DHA improves performance. It keeps paints from chipping and adhesives from turning crusty. I’ve worked DIY projects where low-quality vinyl gets brittle, a telltale sign that good plasticizers are missing. Storage life and long-term performance suffer when shortcuts happen in production, leading to wasted resources and consumer frustration.
Like other chemicals tied to plastics, DHA brings more than convenience. It puts a spotlight on environmental responsibilities, especially as discussions grow louder around microplastics and the leaching of additives. The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) tracks the ecological footprint, pushing companies to justify continued use or seek safer alternatives. For those in manufacturing, this isn’t just paperwork—it’s about meeting new environmental standards without sacrificing product quality.
Many in the plastics world look at alternatives like bio-based plasticizers as possible next steps. The business case grows each year as regulations tighten, and consumers demand safer, greener choices. Replacing DHA across the board won’t happen overnight since alternatives must prove themselves against years of performance data. Research groups and industry players continue exploring blends that keep plastics safe to use but friendlier to the planet over the product’s full life cycle.
Products containing DHA surround us, making modern life more comfortable and convenient. The real test lies in balancing performance, safety, and sustainability. Staying updated with scientific research and following the latest regulatory guidance keeps manufacturers accountable and protects public health. Shoppers, too, shape the market when they look past shiny packaging and ask questions about what truly makes up the goods they buy.
Cosmetic companies chase textures and skin feel. That’s where ingredients like Dihexyl Adipate step in. It's a synthetic ester, made from adipic acid and hexyl alcohol. This clear liquid stands out because it helps products spread smoothly across the skin. Dihexyl Adipate softens creams, adds that silky finish to sunscreens, and helps fragrances linger a bit longer.
To answer whether it’s safe requires more than just checking ingredient labels. It demands looking into research and real-world experience. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel took a close look at Dihexyl Adipate. They reviewed lab tests where it was applied to the skin of both animals and humans. The takeaway: Dihexyl Adipate did not cause irritation, allergies, or other immediate side effects in the amounts used in cosmetics. The Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS), which advises the European Union, reached the same conclusion. For European consumers worried about chemical safety, that holds weight.
My family and I use personal care products every day. Whether it’s sunscreen at the beach or lotion right out of the shower, ingredients like Dihexyl Adipate become part of this routine. Concerns about cumulative exposure cross my mind, especially when headlines call out plastics or other additives. In the case of Dihexyl Adipate, research has not shown bioaccumulation or toxicity in people using cosmetics as directed. It gets broken down and cleared out of the body efficiently. That should give most people peace of mind.
It’s easy to assume companies police themselves, but that’s not the full story. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) keeps tabs on cosmetic safety after products arrive on shelves. In the EU, stricter rules apply: Only ingredients with a strong track record make it through. Dihexyl Adipate meets these expectations because of the research behind it. Brands pay attention to regulations because recalls can ruin reputations fast.
Nothing in life comes without some risk, even a walk through the park brings bug bites. For Dihexyl Adipate, issues show up seldom, usually when someone already has allergies or sensitive skin. Products with loads of other fragrances and chemicals might make reactions more likely, but Dihexyl Adipate plays a minor role in that story. Looking at real-world reports and scientific studies, the evidence points to a high safety margin.
Checking labels at the drugstore leaves a person dizzy. Ingredient names blur together. What matters is understanding that companies rely on more than just hope — they study these chemicals, submit data, and address consumer feedback. People with particularly sensitive skin might prefer patch testing new products or discussing options with a dermatologist. For most, Dihexyl Adipate does its job quietly, rarely causing problems.
Cosmetic safety depends on vigilance — from regulators, brands, and regular people. Dihexyl Adipate benefits from years of use and ongoing study. Science evolves, and smart consumers stay alert to new information, but today’s research gives little reason for worry over its spot on ingredient lists.
Dihexyl adipate comes across as a clear, colorless to faintly yellowish liquid. Its consistency reminds me of light mineral oil—slick to the touch, with a faint, not-too-strong odor. Placing a drop between your fingers, you notice right away that it isn’t sticky, and it spreads itself pretty smoothly. You can see why industries prefer it for creating flexible plastics or softening coatings. The boiling point lands above 220°C, making it pretty stable when heated. On cooler days, it doesn’t freeze up easily; with a pour point well below -50°C, it stays liquid in pretty extreme cold.
Density for dihexyl adipate usually falls just under 1 gram per cubic centimeter, slightly less dense than water. This means it can float on water, but only just. Solubility makes a difference for processing and safety—here, it doesn’t mix with water, but you can blend it with most organic solvents, oils, and plasticizers. This behavior comes from its long hexyl groups, forming a hydrophobic shield around the molecule.
Dihexyl adipate stands out for its chemical stability. If you’ve handled esters before, you’ll know that they can break down in the presence of acids or bases. Dihexyl adipate holds up under most everyday storage situations, but if you introduce strong acids, bases, or intense heat, it can crack apart into adipic acid and hexanol. In most uses, this isn’t a risk unless equipment isn’t maintained or chemicals get mixed unintentionally.
This molecule doesn’t react quickly with oxygen compared to some other organics. If you store it away from sunlight and keep the container closed, you avoid most of the risk of slow breakdown. On top of this, it resists light and weather much better than traditional plasticizers, which matters if you’re making outdoor materials. That being said, if it burns, it releases the kinds of fumes you’d expect from organic materials—carbon dioxide, water vapor, and at higher temperatures, some nasty stuff like carbon monoxide and maybe even small traces of acids.
In my years working with chemical additives, versatility in temperature and chemical resistance have often made the difference between a product working out or not. Dihexyl adipate’s flexibility helps manufacturers adjust plastic softness based on climate or use-case. The low volatility means you won’t smell it leaching out of vinyl flooring or wire insulation months after installation, which is both a worker safety and an environmental issue. Compared to some older plasticizers with strong odors or higher toxicity, this one has a much milder impact on indoor air.
One persistent issue is waste. Breakdown products may escape into water during plastics recycling or disposal. Hexanol and adipic acid can both show up in wastewater streams, and neither is as persistent as heavy metals or hard plastics, but monitoring discharge remains critical for plants using dihexyl adipate. Closed-loop systems or advanced water treatment go a long way towards reducing environmental impact. In my view, producers benefit from investing in better filtration, surveillance of emissions, and regular safety training—so risks don’t sneak up on the workforce or local ecosystems.
With more attention on greener chemistry, alternatives to phthalate-based plasticizers and materials that break down more cleanly are getting interest. Dihexyl adipate demonstrates how physical and chemical properties can be tailored for lower toxicity and better durability, but it doesn’t mean routine handling or disposal can be ignored. Improved systems, better transparency about ingredients, and stronger recycling streams shape a safer and more sustainable future—one molecule at a time.
Talk to anyone working in manufacturing, especially plastics, and you’ll hear the same push for more sustainable materials. Dihexyl adipate, or DHA, shows up in a range of flexible plastics, personal care items, and even coatings—places where smoothness and flexibility matter. Folks ask about environmental safety, and biodegradability lands at the top of the list. This is the question everyone wants answered: does DHA break down safely in nature, or does it keep floating around, adding to pollution?
Plenty of companies and families keep a close eye on chemicals used in the products they buy. Plastics end up in landfills and oceans, and a substance sticking around for decades raises big concerns. Europe and the U.S. both keep tightening their rules on materials that slow down biodegradation or leave harmful residue. No one wants another plastic straw scenario, where something lingers and builds up in nature.
Adipates—like DHA—belong to the class of plasticizers known for being a bit gentler compared to old-school phthalates. These additives soften plastics such as PVC, making bags less brittle and wiring more flexible. The industry makes a big deal about shifting toward biodegradable options. It's important to check whether DHA truly fits that bill or just slides by under the radar.
Research from respected sources such as the European Chemicals Agency shows that DHA, like many adipic acid esters, generally breaks down through natural processes under the right conditions. In soil, water, and with plenty of microbial action, DHA tends to degrade faster than persistent phthalates. Studies done on related compounds—like di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate—show full degradation in a matter of weeks under industrial composting setups. Ordinary environments can stretch the timeline, but the molecule’s structure makes it easier for bacteria and fungi to chop up compared to more stubborn plasticizers.
It’s worth keeping expectations realistic: biodegradability doesn’t always mean something disappears instantly or leaves no trace. Temperature, moisture, and the amount of active microbes shape the break down process. DHA beats many alternatives by being less likely to stick around as a long-term pollutant. Independent tests back this up, and regulatory agencies tend to place DHA in the “readily biodegradable” camp, based on consistent breakdown rates above 60% in standard OECD 301D tests.
All this doesn’t mean DHA is totally without risk. Dumping huge quantities in places with little microbial activity—like the deep sea or cold climates—could slow break down by a lot. Sometimes, breakdown leaves behind byproducts that matter, especially if those byproducts turn up in places where they shouldn’t, like drinking water sources or sensitive habitats. The chemical on its own ranks as relatively low in toxicity, but overexposure can still build up risks for aquatic life, if industry and municipalities ignore safe handling.
The path forward leans on smarter design and disposal. One big lesson I've learned working around environmental health is that it pays to look beyond product performance and think about the full life cycle. Companies switching to DHA can boost their reputation for responsibility, but still shoulder a duty to support collection, sorting, and proper composting or recycling. Labs keep chasing ways to make plasticizers that break down faster and leave even less impact. Education and transparent labeling help buyers avoid greenwashing claims and make smart choices.
DHA holds up better for biodegradability than a lot of plastic additives from the past. But true sustainability involves a team effort—safer chemistry, careful disposal, and honest, fact-based conversation about what these materials really do once they leave the factory.
Getting your hands on Dihexyl Adipate (DHA) in large quantities is no walk in the park, especially for businesses outside big manufacturing hubs. Years back, looking for bulk compounds like this often meant long email exchanges, language barriers, and a fair bit of crossed fingers hoping that what arrived matched the order. With tighter regulations and growing concern over product quality, the stakes are higher today.
Quality matters—not just for cost savings, but for the health of your business. Without consistent DHA, manufacturing runs can grind to a halt. In my work with small manufacturers, I watched project managers deal with missed deadlines just because additives came in a different batch spec. Product purity, safety data sheets, and certificates of analysis are more than paperwork; they’re the difference between smooth production and a recall.
Global supply chains look more fragile than they did a decade ago. The COVID-19 pandemic taught many of us how much we depend on international freight moving smoothly. Those who already built relationships with reliable chemical suppliers made it through shortages with much less panic. Suppliers with local stock and a known reputation stood out from the ones offering suspiciously low prices.
Start with a short list of established chemical distributors that deal with plasticizers and specialty chemicals. Sigma-Aldrich, Tokyo Chemical Industry, and ChemSpider represent just a few reputable names I hear often in professional circles. Many of these companies maintain clear documentation and direct customer support channels. You don't have to be a global conglomerate to ask for purity, pricing, and recent safety data sheets. Don’t hesitate to ask for samples before committing to a full tanker truck or tote.
Next, double-check the volume you need with your operations crew and clarify packaging sizes with the supplier. Sometimes, companies need several drums, other times, an entire pallet. Up-front conversations about storage, shelf life, and handling requirements prevent headaches later. Regulatory paperwork is a part of the process, so don’t skip the details around local and international law.
A string of low-cost offers from overseas trading companies might look tempting. Based on discussions with chemical buyers, this is the main way that companies stumble into trouble. Fake certificates, sub-par purity, and delivery delays create long-term pain that savings never fix. Direct orders only from companies providing robust contact information, verifiable addresses, and a track record with global names.
Services like Alibaba or ChemExper can help you compare vendors, but look closely at site reviews and third-party ratings. Third-party verification isn’t just a stamp at the bottom of an email; it’s peace of mind. In my own experience, due diligence—searching reviews, making reference calls—pays off far better than rushing to order on price alone.
Dihexyl Adipate serves as a good example of why industry knowledge and patience matter. Fast-moving manufacturing environments push buyers to find materials in days, not weeks, but careful screening leads to stronger partnerships. Reach out with clear documentation, build rapport with sales reps, and keep relationships warm even when demand dips. A trusted supplier pays off every time you open a new drum that still smells like business as usual.
Sources:| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | bis(hexyl) hexanedioate |
| Other names |
Hexyl adipate
Adipic acid dihexyl ester Dihexyl hexanedioate |
| Pronunciation | /daɪˈhɛksɪl ˈædɪpeɪt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 110-33-8 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1462307 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:83433 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2301731 |
| ChemSpider | 13421 |
| DrugBank | DB11299 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 22-211-967635-34-0000 |
| EC Number | 204-211-0 |
| Gmelin Reference | 8587 |
| KEGG | C19605 |
| MeSH | D000358 |
| PubChem CID | 8571 |
| RTECS number | AT4550000 |
| UNII | 6Y9W387D5E |
| UN number | UN3082 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID4020624 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C22H42O4 |
| Molar mass | 370.62 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless oily liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 0.914 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble in water |
| log P | 4.94 |
| Vapor pressure | < 0.01 hPa (20 °C) |
| Basicity (pKb) | Dihexyl Adipate (DHA) is not significantly basic; it does not have a reported pKb value. |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -8.52e-6 cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.4400 |
| Viscosity | 18-22 mPa·s (25°C) |
| Dipole moment | 1.78 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 719.6 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -936.7 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -8756.7 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | V06DC03 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling | GHS07; GHS08; Warning; H317; H413 |
| Pictograms | GHS07","GHS08 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H319: Causes serious eye irritation. |
| Precautionary statements | Wash thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-1-0 |
| Flash point | 196°C |
| Autoignition temperature | > 260°C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 (oral, rat): 9000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): 9,900 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| NIOSH | NA-NA-NA |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 2.5 mg/kg |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Diisononyl adipate (DINA)
Dioctyl adipate (DOA) Didecyl adipate (DDA) Dimethyl adipate (DMA) Diisodecyl adipate (DIDA) |