Product Name: Diethyl Maleate
Synonyms: DEM, Maleic Acid Diethyl Ester
Chemical Formula: C8H12O4
CAS Number: 141-05-9
Recommended Use: Used in organic synthesis, polymer modification, insecticide formulation, and as intermediate in plasticizers.
Manufacturer Information: Details offered on request or found through supplier database.
Contact for Emergency: National Poison Center and company-specific emergency contacts offer immediate support.
Classification: Eye irritation (Category 2), Skin irritation (Category 2), Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure, Category 3)
Pictograms: GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes serious eye irritation; causes skin irritation; may cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary Statements: Wash thoroughly after handling, avoid breathing vapors, use only outdoors or in well-ventilated area, wear eye and face protection.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, dermal, ocular.
Immediate Health Effects: Stinging or burning of eyes, redness to skin, respiratory discomfort.
Long-Term Health Risks: Prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis, irritation can affect airways if not addressed.
Main Component: Diethyl Maleate
Concentration: ≥ 98%
Impurities: Trace solvents, unreacted starting materials below 2%
Additives: No significant stabilizing agents present.
EC Number: 205-407-7
Eye Contact: Flush with lukewarm water for 15–20 minutes, hold eyelids open, obtain medical attention if irritation develops.
Skin Contact: Wash area with plenty of soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, consult a doctor if redness or discomfort persists.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, keep comfortable for breathing, seek immediate attention if symptoms appear.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, avoid inducing vomiting, seek medical advice promptly.
Advice for Doctor: Treat symptomatically, monitor for delayed pulmonary effects.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or foam.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Do not use strong jets of water (risk of spread).
Hazardous Combustion Products: Produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and acrid fumes.
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters require full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Fire/Explosion Risk: Combustible liquid; vapors heavier than air can travel and ignite.
Special Procedures: Cool containers near fire with water spray, keep upwind of smoke.
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves and goggles, prevent inhalation of vapors by ensuring ventilation.
Spill Containment: Prevent spillage from entering drains, surface waters, or soil.
Cleanup Methods: Soak up with inert absorbent (sand, earth, vermiculite), place in chemical waste container.
Decontamination: Rinse spill area with plenty of water after removal.
Disposal: Label and treat absorbents as hazardous waste.
Evacuation: Large spills call for area evacuation and restricted access.
Handling: Ensure proper ventilation; avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing; do not breathe vapors or mists; avoid sources of ignition.
Personal Hygiene: Wash hands before eating, do not eat, drink or smoke in area of use.
Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location, tightly sealed in original packaging.
Material Incompatibilities: Keep separate from strong acids, bases, oxidizers.
Packaging: Use glass, HDPE, or lined metal containers.
Special Requirements: Secondary containment for bulk storage, regular inventory check.
Workplace Exposure Limits: Not established for DEM; use general organic vapor limits as guide.
Ventilation: Local exhaust or general dilution recommended.
Respiratory Protection: Use organic vapor respirator in insufficiently ventilated areas.
Eye Protection: Wear chemical safety goggles and face shield for splash risk.
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), lab coat or apron, closed-toe shoes.
Work Practice Controls: Emergency eyewash and safety shower accessible in all areas of use.
Appearance: Clear colorless to pale yellow liquid.
Odor: Slightly fruity.
Odor Threshold: Not available.
pH: Not applicable.
Melting Point: -61°C
Boiling Point: 229°C
Flash Point: 110°C (closed cup).
Evaporation Rate: Not rapid.
Flammability: Combustible liquid.
Explosive Limits: Not established.
Vapor Pressure: 0.08 mmHg at 20°C.
Vapor Density: 5.53 (air = 1).
Relative Density: 1.064 g/cm³ at 20°C.
Solubility: Poorly soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents.
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 1.7
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 445°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not available.
Viscosity: 2.64 mPa•s at 20°C.
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal and recommended handling and storage conditions.
Reactivity: Reacts with strong bases, acids, and oxidizing agents.
Potential Hazards: Produces harmful vapor if heated or burned, may cause container pressurization at high temperature.
Polymerization: No known hazardous polymerization.
Storage Sensitivity: Avoid heat, flames, or prolonged exposure to sunlight.
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 1,618 mg/kg; Dermal LD50: Not precisely studied, skin irritation at lower doses.
Inhalation: Respiratory tract irritation, headache, dizziness possible at high exposure.
Skin Contact: Irritation, redness, sometimes blistering with extended or repeated exposure.
Eye Contact: Moderate to severe irritation.
Chronic Effects: Dermatitis possible from routine exposure.
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogen; insufficient evidence of mutagenic potential.
Reproductive Toxicity: No definitive reproductive hazards documented in available data.
Aquatic Toxicity: LC50 (fish, 96 hr): 33 mg/L.
Persistence and Degradability: Undergoes slow hydrolysis, eventually biodegradable in soil and water.
Bioaccumulation: Low potential due to log Kow value (1.7).
Soil Mobility: Limited movement expected due to poor water solubility.
Ecotoxicological Concerns: Spills threaten aquatic environments, moderate toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Precaution for Wildlife: Contain runoff, avoid contamination of drains or watercourses.
Waste Disposal Methods: Incinerate under controlled conditions in accordance with local environmental regulations.
Disposal of Containers: Triple rinse and puncture before recycling or disposal; do not reuse for food or beverage storage.
Sewage Disposal: Do not discard into sewers or municipal waste streams.
Special Instructions: Label all waste appropriately and maintain supporting documentation for disposal.
UN Number: UN 1993 (for flammable liquid, n.o.s.)
Shipping Name: Diethyl Maleate
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: III
Labeling Requirements: Flammable liquid symbol as per international transport regulations.
Special Transport Precautions: Keep containers upright, secured, and away from incompatible substances during transport.
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as marine pollutant.
OSHA: Not specifically listed, falls under general duty clause for hazardous chemicals.
TSCA: Listed in US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory.
REACH: Registered under European Chemicals Agency, subject to supply chain communication.
Other Country-Specific Regulations: Demand local review for workplace chemical control; subject to environmental discharge reporting under EPA.
WHMIS (Canada): Classified as hazardous for eye and skin irritancy.
Labeling Requirements: GHS/CLP regulations call for exclamation mark pictogram, written hazard and precautionary statements.
Record-Keeping: Employers maintain accessible safety records and training logs for all handling personnel.
